What does Nitrous do and how does it work?

Nitrous oxide (N2O), often referred to as simply "nitrous," is used in automotive applications to boost horsepower and performance. The use of nitrous oxide in engines involves introducing the gas into the combustion process to provide additional oxygen, allowing for a more efficient burning of fuel. Here's a breakdown of how nitrous oxide works in an engine:

1. Introduction of Nitrous Oxide: Nitrous oxide is a colorless and odorless gas composed of two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (N2O). It is stored as a liquid in a high-pressure container. When injected into the engine, it turns back into a gas due to the high temperature in the combustion chamber.

2. Additional Oxygen Supply: The key benefit of nitrous oxide is that it contains extra oxygen. During combustion, an engine requires a specific air-fuel mixture for efficient power production. By introducing nitrous oxide, additional oxygen becomes available, enabling a more complete burning of the fuel.

3. Increased Combustion Efficiency: The extra oxygen from nitrous oxide supports a more efficient combustion process. This leads to a higher release of energy from the fuel, resulting in increased horsepower and torque. The improved combustion efficiency is especially noticeable at higher engine RPMs.

4. Cooling Effect: Nitrous oxide has a cooling effect when it changes from a liquid to a gas. This can help reduce the temperature in the combustion chamber, preventing detonation and providing a safer environment for increased power. The cooling effect can also reduce the risk of pre-ignition.

5. Timing and Fuel Enrichment: To ensure the proper use of nitrous oxide, the engine's electronic control unit (ECU) or a separate nitrous controller adjusts the timing and fuel delivery. Timing may be retarded to prevent detonation, and additional fuel is often injected to maintain the proper air-fuel ratio.

6. Types of Nitrous Systems: There are different types of nitrous systems, including wet and dry systems. In a wet system, both nitrous and fuel are injected into the intake manifold. In a dry system, only nitrous is injected, and additional fuel is supplied through the engine's fuel injectors.

It's important to note that while nitrous oxide can provide a significant horsepower boost, its use should be approached with caution. Over-reliance on nitrous, improper tuning, or exceeding the system's limits can lead to engine damage. Proper installation, tuning, and responsible use are crucial for maximizing performance and ensuring engine durability. Many enthusiasts use nitrous oxide in controlled environments, such as drag strips, where it can be used safely and effectively.